Science, Faith & the Creation
Creation or Evolution? The question of whether life on Earth exists, by chance through evolution, or because of special creation by a Supreme Being, cannot be avoided in studying the existence of God.
*** A. Science (The Big Bang Theory): there are some other models for the origin of the universe, but this is the one most commonly accepted today. According to the American Museum of Natural History, the idea first appeared in a 1931 paper written by Georges Lemaître. In brief, it describes how approximately 13.8 billion years ago all the matter and energy we see presently in the universe was compacted into a tiny ball of infinite density known as a singularity. This began expanding extremely rapidly with enormous energy until temperatures were low enough to allow the formation of sub-atomic particles and, later, simple atoms. Gravity eventually caused giant clouds of these simple elements to coalesce, forming the first stars and galaxies. These stars produced more complex elements through the nuclear reactions taking place in their cores, and if a star died with a violent explosion it would shoot out these elements to seed and form second generation stars like our own Sun, which might then in turn gather a solar system of planets around themselves from debris scattered throughout the cosmos. The detail of all this is by no means certain or finalized, but the model does provide a coherent explanation of what is observed in the universe today...
We turn now to what is generally known as the theory of evolution. Science has not yet come to a clear and undisputed view on the origin of life on the earth, though it is thought to have happened some 3.8 billion years ago (earth's age ~ 4.5 billion years). Charles Darwin proposed in the mid-19th Century that new, distinct species could eventually appear over a long enough period of time in the face of such external changes or 'pressures'. Given the right conditions, this process of 'natural selection' was a sufficient mechanism for producing nature's rich wealth of plant and animal forms...
POINTS to consider:
-The big bang theory is an attempt to explain how the universe developed from a very tiny, dense state into what it is today. It doesn't attempt to explain what came before the big bang or even what lies outside the universe...
-Georges Lemaitre said of his own theory that it still had mysteries that were ultimately unfathomable…"It is consonant with Isaiah speaking of the hidden God, hidden even in the beginning of the universe".
-Albert Einstein himself had explored the idea that humans could not understand the nature of God or an afterlife. He explained: The human mind, no matter how highly trained, cannot grasp the universe. We are in the position of a little child, entering a huge library whose walls are covered to the ceiling with books in many different tongues. “The child knows that someone must have written those books. It does not know who or how. It does not understand the languages in which they are written. The child notes a definite plan in the arrangement of the books, a mysterious order, which it does not comprehend, but only dimly suspects". “That, it seems to me, is the attitude of the human mind, even the greatest and most cultured, toward God. We see a universe marvelously arranged, obeying certain laws, but we understand the laws only dimly.”
-If the Big Bang had exploded with too much energy, the result would have been nothing but dust particles flying forever outward in all directions. There would be no stars, moons, or planets. If the Big Bang had exploded with too little energy, the result would have been big chunks of matter moving slowly outward with little momentum. Gravity would have eventually pulled these clods back into a single mass without creating any galaxies. Correctly calibrating the Big Bang explosion to create the universe required a precise calculation of incredible complexity. The universe is composed of energy, matter, time, and space. It is organized into durable systems that are sustained by immutable sets of governing principles. These components could not have materialized from nothing, aligned themselves intelligently, and then self-regulated harmoniously.
-Living things could not have spontaneously emerged from the lifeless elements that comprise the universe. Humans are not products of non-living thing evolutionary process. See Why we believe God is the Creator?
***B. Faith & The Creation: The Bible speaks of the creation occurring over seven days (in the book of Genesis written approximately 1600 years before the birth of Christ). Following is a brief outline:
Day 1 – The earth is ‘created’ or generally brought into existence, but yet lacks definite form. No life is mentioned; the presence of water is specifically mentioned. The creation of ‘light’ is also mentioned, but the sun is not specifically mentioned by name until the fourth day.
Day 2 – An atmosphere (‘firmament’) forms, water is described as being present in the atmosphere as well as on/in the earth.
Day 3 – Definite land-masses form; the water gathers together in bodies called seas. Plant life first appears.
Day 4 – The creation of the sun, moon and stars are specifically noted. Seasons are also specifically mentioned.
Day 5 – Animal life appears in the water; flying animal life is also mentioned on this day.
Day 6 – Animal life is described as appearing on the land, specifically mammals are mentioned.
Day 7 – God rested.
POINTS to consider:
-There are seven periods of creation recorded in the beginning of Genesis. Although each of these has been translated as a “day”, the Hebrew word is “yom” which simply means a period of time with a beginning and an ending.
-In general, the above description of the earth’s creation does agree with conventional scientific understanding: water is specifically mentioned several times indicating its central role in the development of life; simple life-forms are generally described as being created before more complicated ones, with land mammals and humans being the last to appear, and the first forms of animal life appearing in the water. Other general parallels can also be made.
A time-scale for the Earth’s Creation: The Bible allows for the possibility that the earth is extremely old, but it also suggests that our planet is quite young. The Age of the Earth depending on how the Biblical account is to be interpreted. See The Creation's resources
God’s primary purpose for the Bible was to reveal himself, present his salvation plan, explain the state of the world, and map out the future. So simple descriptions of the creation events were sufficient for this purpose.
Written about 3,600 years ago, the Bible describes many aspects of the natural world in simple terms. Here are a few examples of these natural facts, along with the corresponding Bible verses.
-The earth and the human body share common building blocks. Genesis 2:7. the Lord God formed a man from the dust of the ground.
-The earth floats in space. Job 26:7. He spreads out the northern skies over empty space; he suspends the earth over nothing.
-The earth is a sphere. Isaiah 40:22. He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth
-The universe is expanding. Zechariah 12:1 The LORD, who stretches out the heavens, who lays the foundation of the earth, and who forms the human spirit within a person
-Individual stars are unique. 1 Corinthians 15:41. The sun has one kind of splendor, the moon another and the stars another; and star differs from star in splendor
These examples give us reason to believe that the Biblical descriptions of the creation events are also accurate, despite their simplicity, and it's sufficient For Our Faith.
“For me there has been no serious difficulty in reconciling the principles of true science with the principles of true religion, for both are concerned with the eternal verities of the universe” Dr. Henry Eyring - a Theoretical Chemist.
“The scientific spirit is a spirit of inquiry, a spirit of reaching out for truth. In the final analysis, this spirit is likewise the essence of religion. The Savior said ‘Ask and it shall be given you; seek and ye shall find; knock and it shall be opened unto you.’[Matt 7:7]” [2]
***Dr. Eyring has appropriately commented; “I should like to say that true religion was never a narrow thing. True religion concerns man and the entire universe in which he lives. It concerns his relationships with himself, and his fellow men, with his environment and with God his creator. It is therefore limitless and boundless.”
When these matters are instead approached in the spirit of honest seeking for truth, the distinctions between true science and true religion will fade, fostering an environment for greater learning and growth for all.
“Prove all things; hold fast to that which is good” [1 Thessalonians 5:21]
THE SCIENCE CREATIVE QUARTERLY SCQ
Genesis 1:1-31, 2:1-3
1 1. In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters. 3 And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the darkness. 5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.
6 And God said, “Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from water.” 7 So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. And it was so. 8 God called the vault “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day.
9 And God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place, and let dry ground appear.” And it was so. 10 God called the dry ground “land,” and the gathered waters he called “seas.” And God saw that it was good. 11 Then God said, “Let the land produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and trees on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds.” And it was so. 12 The land produced vegetation: plants bearing seed according to their kinds and trees bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good. 13 And there was evening, and there was morning—the third day.
14 And God said, “Let there be lights in the vault of the sky to separate the day from the night, and let them serve as signs to mark sacred times, and days and years, 15 and let them be lights in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth.” And it was so. 16 God made two great lights—the greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the night. He also made the stars. 17 God set them in the vault of the sky to give light on the earth, 18 to govern the day and the night, and to separate light from darkness. And God saw that it was good. 19 And there was evening, and there was morning—the fourth day.
20 And God said, “Let the water teem with living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the vault of the sky.” 21 So God created the great creatures of the sea and every living thing with which the water teems and that moves about in it, according to their kinds, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. 22 God blessed them and said, “Be fruitful and increase in number and fill the water in the seas, and let the birds increase on the earth.” 23 And there was evening, and there was morning—the fifth day.
24 And God said, “Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds: the livestock, the creatures that move along the ground, and the wild animals, each according to its kind.” And it was so. 25 God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the livestock according to their kinds, and all the creatures that move along the ground according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good. 26 Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals,[a] and over all the creatures that move along the ground.”27 So God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them. 28 God blessed them and said to them, “Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky and over every living creature that moves on the ground.”29 Then God said, “I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. 30 And to all the beasts of the earth and all the birds in the sky and all the creatures that move along the ground—everything that has the breath of life in it—I give every green plant for food.” And it was so. 31 God saw all that he had made, and it was very good. And there was evening, and there was morning—the sixth day.
2 1.Thus the heavens and the earth were completed in all their vast array. 2 By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. 3 Then God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done.